Dr. Richard Parsanko runs Sonoran Desert Dentistry in Scottsdale, Arizona. Here, he explains the common orthodontic condition of crowded teeth and how it is treated with an interproximal reduction, or removal of small amounts of tooth surface between two adjacent teeth.
What are crowded teeth? This condition, also known as malocclusion, involves teeth that are crowded. In some cases, the upper and lower jaws may not meet properly, and although the teeth might appear straight, you can have an uneven bite. Correcting the problem can create a nice-looking smile. But more importantly, orthodontic treatment results in a healthier mouth. Crowded teeth make cleaning your teeth difficult, which can lead to tooth decay, gum disease, and even early tooth loss. An improper bite can also interfere with chewing and speaking, cause abnormal wear to tooth enamel, and lead to problems with jaw movement.
What is an interproximal reduction? An interproximal reduction is the removal of small amounts of outer enamel tooth surface between two adjacent teeth. It strives to acquire additional space to create ideal tooth alignment, helping improve your bite, or the way your teeth fit together. An interproximal reduction can also improve the appearance of your teeth, reshaping them for a better aesthetic outcome, increase their stability, and sometimes relieve the need for permanent tooth extractions.
What happens during an interproximal reduction? First, the orthodontist will identify which teeth need the interproximal reduction. Using a dental handpiece and/or diamond strips (a manual technique for removing enamel similar to sanding the teeth), he will remove the enamel from the sides of the teeth that are contacting one another. The orthodontist may smooth or polish the teeth. Then, he may recommend an at-home fluoride treatment appropriate to the patient to strengthen the enamel. Generally, there is no discomfort during interproximal reduction because of the minimal amount of enamel being removed.
Are there any risks involved in an interproximal reduction? Generally, an interproximal reduction will not lead to an increased risk of tooth decay or gum disease, although some patients may experience sensitivity to hot or cold. Overall, the procedure is safe.
The information in the article is not intended to substitute for the medical expertise and advice of your healthcare provider. We encourage you to discuss any decisions about treatment or care with an appropriate healthcare provider.
